Physical agents, therapeutic modalities, and wound management
Learning Objectives
Describe the biophysical principles underlying therapeutic heat transfer, electrical stimulation, and sound wave-based modalities used in rehabilitation.
Compare indications, contraindications, and application parameters for superficial heat agents including hot packs, paraffin, and fluidotherapy.
Identify the physiological effects of cryotherapy and apply evidence-based application techniques for therapeutic cold.
Explain the thermal and non-thermal effects of therapeutic ultrasound and select appropriate treatment parameters for clinical conditions.
Differentiate among electrical stimulation modalities (TENS, NMES, IFC, FES) and identify appropriate clinical applications for each.
Describe the principles and clinical applications of iontophoresis and phonophoresis for transdermal drug delivery.
Identify indications, contraindications, and parameter selection for cervical and lumbar mechanical traction.
Evaluate wound characteristics using standardized staging systems and describe the phases of wound healing.
Select appropriate wound care interventions, including debridement techniques, dressing selection, and adjunctive modalities.
Apply safety standards and recognize contraindications and precautions for the use of physical agents in rehabilitation.
